Merge 7e1d72a25a into a8650c6b06

Due to header dependencies, this requires types to split from the spritecache header.

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -454,6 +454,7 @@ add_files(
     spritecache.cpp
     spritecache.h
     spritecache_internal.h
+    spritecache_type.h
     station.cpp
     station_base.h
     station_cmd.cpp

src/aircraft_cmd.cpp

@@ -48,10 +48,7 @@
 
 void Aircraft::UpdateDeltaXY()
 {
-	this->x_offs = -1;
-	this->y_offs = -1;
-	this->x_extent = 2;
-	this->y_extent = 2;
+	this->bounds = {{-1, -1, 0}, {2, 2, 0}, {}};
 
 	switch (this->subtype) {
 		default: NOT_REACHED();
@@ -64,21 +61,21 @@ void Aircraft::UpdateDeltaXY()
 				case LANDING:
 				case HELILANDING:
 				case FLYING:
-					this->x_extent = 24;
-					this->y_extent = 24;
+					/* Bounds are not centred on the aircraft. */
+					this->bounds.extent.x = 24;
+					this->bounds.extent.y = 24;
 					break;
 			}
-			this->z_extent = 5;
+			this->bounds.extent.z = 5;
 			break;
 
 		case AIR_SHADOW:
-			this->z_extent = 1;
-			this->x_offs = 0;
-			this->y_offs = 0;
+			this->bounds.extent.z = 1;
+			this->bounds.origin = {};
 			break;
 
 		case AIR_ROTOR:
-			this->z_extent = 1;
+			this->bounds.extent.z = 1;
 			break;
 	}
 }

src/clear_cmd.cpp

@@ -69,36 +69,45 @@ static void DrawClearLandFence(const TileInfo *ti)
 	/* combine fences into one sprite object */
 	StartSpriteCombine();
 
-	int maxz = GetSlopeMaxPixelZ(ti->tileh);
+	SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 4}, {}};
+
+	bounds.extent.z += GetSlopeMaxPixelZ(ti->tileh);
 
 	uint fence_nw = GetFence(ti->tile, DIAGDIR_NW);
 	if (fence_nw != 0) {
-		int z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_W);
+		bounds.offset.x = 0;
+		bounds.offset.y = -static_cast<int>(TILE_SIZE);
+		bounds.offset.z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_W);
 		SpriteID sprite = _clear_land_fence_sprites[fence_nw - 1] + _fence_mod_by_tileh_nw[ti->tileh];
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y - 16, 16, 32, maxz - z + 4, ti->z + z, false, 0, 16, -z);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds, false);
 	}
 
 	uint fence_ne = GetFence(ti->tile, DIAGDIR_NE);
 	if (fence_ne != 0) {
-		int z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_E);
+		bounds.offset.x = -static_cast<int>(TILE_SIZE);
+		bounds.offset.y = 0;
+		bounds.offset.z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_E);
 		SpriteID sprite = _clear_land_fence_sprites[fence_ne - 1] + _fence_mod_by_tileh_ne[ti->tileh];
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, ti->x - 16, ti->y, 32, 16, maxz - z + 4, ti->z + z, false, 16, 0, -z);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds, false);
 	}
 
 	uint fence_sw = GetFence(ti->tile, DIAGDIR_SW);
 	uint fence_se = GetFence(ti->tile, DIAGDIR_SE);
 
 	if (fence_sw != 0 || fence_se != 0) {
-		int z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_S);
+		bounds.offset.x = 0;
+		bounds.offset.y = 0;
+		bounds.offset.z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_S);
 
 		if (fence_sw != 0) {
 			SpriteID sprite = _clear_land_fence_sprites[fence_sw - 1] + _fence_mod_by_tileh_sw[ti->tileh];
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, maxz - z + 4, ti->z + z, false, 0, 0, -z);
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds, false);
 		}
 
 		if (fence_se != 0) {
 			SpriteID sprite = _clear_land_fence_sprites[fence_se - 1] + _fence_mod_by_tileh_se[ti->tileh];
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, maxz - z + 4, ti->z + z, false, 0, 0, -z);
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds, false);
+
 		}
 	}
 	EndSpriteCombine();

src/core/geometry_type.hpp

@@ -28,15 +28,30 @@ inline int CentreBounds(int min, int max, int size)
 	return (min + max - size + 1) / 2;
 }
 
-/** Coordinates of a point in 2D */
-struct Point {
-	int x;
-	int y;
+/** A coordinate with two dimensons. */
+template <typename T>
+struct Coord2D {
+	T x = 0; ///< X coordinate.
+	T y = 0; ///< Y coordinate.
 
-	constexpr Point() : x(0), y(0) {}
-	constexpr Point(int x, int y) : x(x), y(y) {}
+	constexpr Coord2D() = default;
+	constexpr Coord2D(T x, T y) : x(x), y(y) {}
 };
 
+/** A coordinate with three dimensions. */
+template <typename T>
+struct Coord3D {
+	T x = 0; ///< X coordinate.
+	T y = 0; ///< Y coordinate.
+	T z = 0; ///< Z coordinate.
+
+	constexpr Coord3D() = default;
+	constexpr Coord3D(T x, T y, T z) : x(x), y(y), z(z) {}
+};
+
+/** Coordinates of a point in 2D */
+using Point = Coord2D<int>;
+
 /** Dimensions (a width and height) of a rectangle in 2D */
 struct Dimension {
 	uint width;

src/disaster_vehicle.cpp

@@ -992,9 +992,5 @@ void ReleaseDisasterVehicle(VehicleID vehicle)
 
 void DisasterVehicle::UpdateDeltaXY()
 {
-	this->x_offs        = -1;
-	this->y_offs        = -1;
-	this->x_extent      =  2;
-	this->y_extent      =  2;
-	this->z_extent      =  5;
+	this->bounds = {{-1, -1, 0}, {2, 2, 5}, {}};
 }

src/effectvehicle.cpp

@@ -619,11 +619,7 @@ bool EffectVehicle::Tick()
 
 void EffectVehicle::UpdateDeltaXY()
 {
-	this->x_offs        = 0;
-	this->y_offs        = 0;
-	this->x_extent      = 1;
-	this->y_extent      = 1;
-	this->z_extent      = 1;
+	this->bounds = {{}, {1, 1, 1}, {}};
 }
 
 /**

src/elrail.cpp

@@ -248,27 +248,12 @@ static int GetPCPElevation(TileIndex tile, DiagDirection pcp_pos)
  */
 void DrawRailCatenaryOnTunnel(const TileInfo *ti)
 {
-	/* xmin, ymin, xmax + 1, ymax + 1 of BB */
-	static const int tunnel_wire_bb[4][4] = {
-		{ 0, 1, 16, 15 }, // NE
-		{ 1, 0, 15, 16 }, // SE
-		{ 0, 1, 16, 15 }, // SW
-		{ 1, 0, 15, 16 }, // NW
-	};
-
 	DiagDirection dir = GetTunnelBridgeDirection(ti->tile);
 
 	SpriteID wire_base = GetWireBase(ti->tile);
 
-	const SortableSpriteStruct *sss = &_rail_catenary_sprite_data_tunnel[dir];
-	const int *bb_data = tunnel_wire_bb[dir];
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(
-		wire_base + sss->image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x + sss->x_offset, ti->y + sss->y_offset,
-		bb_data[2] - sss->x_offset, bb_data[3] - sss->y_offset, BB_Z_SEPARATOR - sss->z_offset + 1,
-		GetTilePixelZ(ti->tile) + sss->z_offset,
-		IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY),
-		bb_data[0] - sss->x_offset, bb_data[1] - sss->y_offset, BB_Z_SEPARATOR - sss->z_offset
-	);
+	const SortableSpriteStruct &sss = _rail_catenary_sprite_data_tunnel[dir];
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(wire_base + sss.image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, GetTilePixelZ(ti->tile), sss, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -440,8 +425,8 @@ static void DrawRailCatenaryRailway(const TileInfo *ti)
 						continue; // No neighbour, go looking for a better position
 					}
 
-					AddSortableSpriteToDraw(pylon_base + _pylon_sprites[temp], PAL_NONE, x, y, 1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE,
-						elevation, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), -1, -1);
+					AddSortableSpriteToDraw(pylon_base + _pylon_sprites[temp], PAL_NONE, x, y, elevation,
+						{{-1, -1, 0}, {1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE}, {1, 1, 0}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 
 					break; // We already have drawn a pylon, bail out
 				}
@@ -482,7 +467,7 @@ static void DrawRailCatenaryRailway(const TileInfo *ti)
 
 		assert(pcp_config != 0); // We have a pylon on neither end of the wire, that doesn't work (since we have no sprites for that)
 		assert(!IsSteepSlope(tileh[TS_HOME]));
-		const SortableSpriteStruct *sss = &_rail_catenary_sprite_data[_rail_wires[tileh_selector][t][pcp_config]];
+		const SortableSpriteStruct &sss = _rail_catenary_sprite_data[_rail_wires[tileh_selector][t][pcp_config]];
 
 		/*
 		 * The "wire"-sprite position is inside the tile, i.e. 0 <= sss->?_offset < TILE_SIZE.
@@ -490,9 +475,8 @@ static void DrawRailCatenaryRailway(const TileInfo *ti)
 		 * Also note that the result of GetSlopePixelZ() is very special for bridge-ramps, so we round the result up or
 		 * down to the nearest full height change.
 		 */
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(wire_base + sss->image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x + sss->x_offset, ti->y + sss->y_offset,
-			sss->x_size, sss->y_size, sss->z_size, (GetSlopePixelZ(ti->x + sss->x_offset, ti->y + sss->y_offset, true) + 4) / 8 * 8 + sss->z_offset,
-			IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
+		int z = (GetSlopePixelZ(ti->x + sss.origin.x, ti->y + sss.origin.y, true) + 4) / 8 * 8;
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(wire_base + sss.image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, z, sss, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -530,13 +514,12 @@ void DrawRailCatenaryOnBridge(const TileInfo *ti)
 
 	SpriteID wire_base = GetWireBase(end, TCX_ON_BRIDGE);
 
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(wire_base + sss->image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x + sss->x_offset, ti->y + sss->y_offset,
-		sss->x_size, sss->y_size, sss->z_size, height + sss->z_offset,
-		IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY)
-	);
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(wire_base + sss->image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, height, *sss, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 
 	SpriteID pylon_base = GetPylonBase(end, TCX_ON_BRIDGE);
 
+	static constexpr SpriteBounds pylon_bounds{{-1, -1, 0}, {1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE}, {1, 1, 0}};
+
 	/* Finished with wires, draw pylons
 	 * every other tile needs a pylon on the northern end */
 	if (num % 2) {
@@ -545,7 +528,7 @@ void DrawRailCatenaryOnBridge(const TileInfo *ti)
 		if (HasBit(tlg, (axis == AXIS_X ? 0 : 1))) ppp_pos = ReverseDir(ppp_pos);
 		uint x = ti->x + _x_pcp_offsets[pcp_pos] + _x_ppp_offsets[ppp_pos];
 		uint y = ti->y + _y_pcp_offsets[pcp_pos] + _y_ppp_offsets[ppp_pos];
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(pylon_base + _pylon_sprites[ppp_pos], PAL_NONE, x, y, 1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE, height, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), -1, -1);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(pylon_base + _pylon_sprites[ppp_pos], PAL_NONE, x, y, height, pylon_bounds, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 	}
 
 	/* need a pylon on the southern end of the bridge */
@@ -555,7 +538,7 @@ void DrawRailCatenaryOnBridge(const TileInfo *ti)
 		if (HasBit(tlg, (axis == AXIS_X ? 0 : 1))) ppp_pos = ReverseDir(ppp_pos);
 		uint x = ti->x + _x_pcp_offsets[pcp_pos] + _x_ppp_offsets[ppp_pos];
 		uint y = ti->y + _y_pcp_offsets[pcp_pos] + _y_ppp_offsets[ppp_pos];
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(pylon_base + _pylon_sprites[ppp_pos], PAL_NONE, x, y, 1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE, height, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), -1, -1);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(pylon_base + _pylon_sprites[ppp_pos], PAL_NONE, x, y, height, pylon_bounds, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -569,17 +552,12 @@ void DrawRailCatenary(const TileInfo *ti)
 	switch (GetTileType(ti->tile)) {
 		case MP_RAILWAY:
 			if (IsRailDepot(ti->tile)) {
-				const SortableSpriteStruct *sss = &_rail_catenary_sprite_data_depot[GetRailDepotDirection(ti->tile)];
+				const SortableSpriteStruct &sss = _rail_catenary_sprite_data_depot[GetRailDepotDirection(ti->tile)];
 
 				SpriteID wire_base = GetWireBase(ti->tile);
 
 				/* This wire is not visible with the default depot sprites */
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(
-					wire_base + sss->image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x + sss->x_offset, ti->y + sss->y_offset,
-					sss->x_size, sss->y_size, sss->z_size,
-					GetTileMaxPixelZ(ti->tile) + sss->z_offset,
-					IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY)
-				);
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(wire_base + sss.image_offset, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, GetTileMaxPixelZ(ti->tile), sss, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 				return;
 			}
 			break;

src/industry_cmd.cpp

@@ -374,13 +374,7 @@ static void DrawTile_Industry(TileInfo *ti)
 	image = dits->building.sprite;
 	if (image != 0) {
 		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image, SpriteLayoutPaletteTransform(image, dits->building.pal, GetColourPalette(ind->random_colour)),
-			ti->x + dits->subtile_x,
-			ti->y + dits->subtile_y,
-			dits->width,
-			dits->height,
-			dits->dz,
-			ti->z,
-			IsTransparencySet(TO_INDUSTRIES));
+			*ti, *dits, IsTransparencySet(TO_INDUSTRIES));
 
 		if (IsTransparencySet(TO_INDUSTRIES)) return;
 	}

src/landscape.cpp

@@ -450,9 +450,8 @@ void DrawFoundation(TileInfo *ti, Foundation f)
 	if (IsSteepSlope(ti->tileh)) {
 		if (!IsNonContinuousFoundation(f)) {
 			/* Lower part of foundation */
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(
-				leveled_base + (ti->tileh & ~SLOPE_STEEP), PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1, ti->z
-			);
+			static constexpr SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1}, {}};
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(leveled_base + (ti->tileh & ~SLOPE_STEEP), PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 		}
 
 		Corner highest_corner = GetHighestSlopeCorner(ti->tileh);
@@ -462,24 +461,25 @@ void DrawFoundation(TileInfo *ti, Foundation f)
 			/* inclined foundation */
 			uint8_t inclined = highest_corner * 2 + (f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_Y ? 1 : 0);
 
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(inclined_base + inclined, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y,
-				f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_X ? TILE_SIZE : 1,
-				f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_Y ? TILE_SIZE : 1,
-				TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z
-			);
+			SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {1, 1, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}};
+			if (f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_X) bounds.extent.x = TILE_SIZE;
+			if (f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_Y) bounds.extent.y = TILE_SIZE;
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(inclined_base + inclined, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			OffsetGroundSprite(0, 0);
 		} else if (IsLeveledFoundation(f)) {
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(leveled_base + SlopeWithOneCornerRaised(highest_corner), PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1, ti->z - TILE_HEIGHT);
+			static constexpr SpriteBounds bounds{{0, 0, -(int)TILE_HEIGHT}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1}, {}};
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(leveled_base + SlopeWithOneCornerRaised(highest_corner), PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			OffsetGroundSprite(0, -(int)TILE_HEIGHT);
 		} else if (f == FOUNDATION_STEEP_LOWER) {
 			/* one corner raised */
 			OffsetGroundSprite(0, -(int)TILE_HEIGHT);
 		} else {
 			/* halftile foundation */
-			int x_bb = (((highest_corner == CORNER_W) || (highest_corner == CORNER_S)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
-			int y_bb = (((highest_corner == CORNER_S) || (highest_corner == CORNER_E)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
+			int8_t x_bb = (((highest_corner == CORNER_W) || (highest_corner == CORNER_S)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
+			int8_t y_bb = (((highest_corner == CORNER_S) || (highest_corner == CORNER_E)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
 
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(halftile_base + highest_corner, PAL_NONE, ti->x + x_bb, ti->y + y_bb, TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_HEIGHT - 1, ti->z + TILE_HEIGHT);
+			SpriteBounds bounds{{x_bb, y_bb, TILE_HEIGHT}, {TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_HEIGHT - 1}, {}};
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(halftile_base + highest_corner, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			/* Reposition ground sprite back to original position after bounding box change above. This is similar to
 			 * RemapCoords() but without zoom scaling. */
 			Point pt = {(y_bb - x_bb) * 2, y_bb + x_bb};
@@ -488,15 +488,17 @@ void DrawFoundation(TileInfo *ti, Foundation f)
 	} else {
 		if (IsLeveledFoundation(f)) {
 			/* leveled foundation */
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(leveled_base + ti->tileh, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1, ti->z);
+			static constexpr SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1}, {}};
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(leveled_base + ti->tileh, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			OffsetGroundSprite(0, -(int)TILE_HEIGHT);
 		} else if (IsNonContinuousFoundation(f)) {
 			/* halftile foundation */
 			Corner halftile_corner = GetHalftileFoundationCorner(f);
-			int x_bb = (((halftile_corner == CORNER_W) || (halftile_corner == CORNER_S)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
-			int y_bb = (((halftile_corner == CORNER_S) || (halftile_corner == CORNER_E)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
+			int8_t x_bb = (((halftile_corner == CORNER_W) || (halftile_corner == CORNER_S)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
+			int8_t y_bb = (((halftile_corner == CORNER_S) || (halftile_corner == CORNER_E)) ? TILE_SIZE / 2 : 0);
 
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(halftile_base + halftile_corner, PAL_NONE, ti->x + x_bb, ti->y + y_bb, TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_HEIGHT - 1, ti->z);
+			SpriteBounds bounds{{x_bb, y_bb, 0}, {TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_SIZE / 2, TILE_HEIGHT - 1}, {}};
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(halftile_base + halftile_corner, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			/* Reposition ground sprite back to original position after bounding box change above. This is similar to
 			 * RemapCoords() but without zoom scaling. */
 			Point pt = {(y_bb - x_bb) * 2, y_bb + x_bb};
@@ -511,17 +513,17 @@ void DrawFoundation(TileInfo *ti, Foundation f)
 				/* tile-slope = sloped along X/Y, foundation-slope = three corners raised */
 				spr = inclined_base + 2 * GetRailFoundationCorner(f) + ((ti->tileh == SLOPE_SW || ti->tileh == SLOPE_NE) ? 1 : 0);
 			}
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(spr, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1, ti->z);
+			static constexpr SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT - 1}, {}};
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(spr, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			OffsetGroundSprite(0, 0);
 		} else {
 			/* inclined foundation */
 			uint8_t inclined = GetHighestSlopeCorner(ti->tileh) * 2 + (f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_Y ? 1 : 0);
 
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(inclined_base + inclined, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y,
-				f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_X ? TILE_SIZE : 1,
-				f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_Y ? TILE_SIZE : 1,
-				TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z
-			);
+			SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {1, 1, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}};
+			if (f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_X) bounds.extent.x = TILE_SIZE;
+			if (f == FOUNDATION_INCLINED_Y) bounds.extent.y = TILE_SIZE;
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(inclined_base + inclined, PAL_NONE, *ti, bounds);
 			OffsetGroundSprite(0, 0);
 		}
 		ti->z += ApplyPixelFoundationToSlope(f, ti->tileh);

src/newgrf/newgrf_act0_stations.cpp

@@ -90,12 +90,12 @@ static ChangeInfoResult StationChangeInfo(uint first, uint last, int prop, ByteR
 
 						/* no relative bounding box support */
 						DrawTileSeqStruct &dtss = tmp_layout.emplace_back();
-						dtss.delta_x = delta_x;
-						dtss.delta_y = buf.ReadByte();
-						dtss.delta_z = buf.ReadByte();
-						dtss.size_x = buf.ReadByte();
-						dtss.size_y = buf.ReadByte();
-						dtss.size_z = buf.ReadByte();
+						dtss.origin.x = delta_x;
+						dtss.origin.y = buf.ReadByte();
+						dtss.origin.z = buf.ReadByte();
+						dtss.extent.x = buf.ReadByte();
+						dtss.extent.y = buf.ReadByte();
+						dtss.extent.z = buf.ReadByte();
 
 						ReadSpriteLayoutSprite(buf, false, true, false, GSF_STATIONS, &dtss.image);
 						/* On error, bail out immediately. Temporary GRF data was already freed */

src/newgrf/newgrf_act2.cpp

@@ -207,15 +207,15 @@ bool ReadSpriteLayout(ByteReader &buf, uint num_building_sprites, bool use_cur_s
 			return true;
 		}
 
-		seq->delta_x = buf.ReadByte();
-		seq->delta_y = buf.ReadByte();
+		seq->origin.x = buf.ReadByte();
+		seq->origin.y = buf.ReadByte();
 
-		if (!no_z_position) seq->delta_z = buf.ReadByte();
+		if (!no_z_position) seq->origin.z = buf.ReadByte();
 
 		if (seq->IsParentSprite()) {
-			seq->size_x = buf.ReadByte();
-			seq->size_y = buf.ReadByte();
-			seq->size_z = buf.ReadByte();
+			seq->extent.x = buf.ReadByte();
+			seq->extent.y = buf.ReadByte();
+			seq->extent.z = buf.ReadByte();
 		}
 
 		ReadSpriteLayoutRegisters(buf, flags, seq->IsParentSprite(), dts, i + 1);

src/newgrf_commons.cpp

@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ SpriteLayoutProcessor::SpriteLayoutProcessor(const NewGRFSpriteLayout &raw_layou
 	 * Also include the groundsprite into the sequence for easier processing. */
 	DrawTileSeqStruct &copy = this->result_seq.emplace_back();
 	copy.image = this->raw_layout->ground;
-	copy.delta_z = static_cast<int8_t>(0x80);
+	copy.origin.z = static_cast<int8_t>(0x80);
 
 	this->result_seq.insert(this->result_seq.end(), this->raw_layout->seq.begin(), this->raw_layout->seq.end());
 
@@ -692,13 +692,13 @@ void SpriteLayoutProcessor::ProcessRegisters(const ResolverObject &object, uint8
 
 					if (result.IsParentSprite()) {
 						if (flags & TLF_BB_XY_OFFSET) {
-							result.delta_x += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.parent[0]);
-							result.delta_y += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.parent[1]);
+							result.origin.x += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.parent[0]);
+							result.origin.y += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.parent[1]);
 						}
-						if (flags & TLF_BB_Z_OFFSET) result.delta_z += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.parent[2]);
+						if (flags & TLF_BB_Z_OFFSET) result.origin.z += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.parent[2]);
 					} else {
-						if (flags & TLF_CHILD_X_OFFSET) result.delta_x += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.child[0]);
-						if (flags & TLF_CHILD_Y_OFFSET) result.delta_y += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.child[1]);
+						if (flags & TLF_CHILD_X_OFFSET) result.origin.x += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.child[0]);
+						if (flags & TLF_CHILD_Y_OFFSET) result.origin.y += object.GetRegister(regs->delta.child[1]);
 					}
 				}
 			}

src/object_cmd.cpp

@@ -476,13 +476,7 @@ static void DrawTile_Object(TileInfo *ti)
 
 		if (!IsInvisibilitySet(TO_STRUCTURES)) {
 			for (const DrawTileSeqStruct &dtss : dts->GetSequence()) {
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(
-					dtss.image.sprite, palette,
-					ti->x + dtss.delta_x, ti->y + dtss.delta_y,
-					dtss.size_x, dtss.size_y,
-					dtss.size_z, ti->z + dtss.delta_z,
-					IsTransparencySet(TO_STRUCTURES)
-				);
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(dtss.image.sprite, palette, *ti, dtss, IsTransparencySet(TO_STRUCTURES));
 			}
 		}
 	} else {

src/rail_cmd.cpp

@@ -1899,7 +1899,7 @@ static void DrawSingleSignal(TileIndex tile, const RailTypeInfo *rti, Track trac
 		sprite += type * 16 + variant * 64 + image * 2 + condition + (type > SIGTYPE_LAST_NOPBS ? 64 : 0);
 	}
 
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, x, y, 1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE, GetSaveSlopeZ(x, y, track));
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(sprite, PAL_NONE, x, y, GetSaveSlopeZ(x, y, track), {{}, {1, 1, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE}, {}});
 }
 
 static uint32_t _drawtile_track_palette;
@@ -1907,12 +1907,11 @@ static uint32_t _drawtile_track_palette;
 
 
 /** Offsets for drawing fences */
-struct FenceOffset {
-	Corner height_ref;  //!< Corner to use height offset from.
-	int x_offs;         //!< Bounding box X offset.
-	int y_offs;         //!< Bounding box Y offset.
-	int x_size;         //!< Bounding box X size.
-	int y_size;         //!< Bounding box Y size.
+struct FenceOffset : SpriteBounds {
+	Corner height_ref; ///< Corner to use height offset from.
+
+	constexpr FenceOffset(Corner height_ref, int8_t origin_x, int8_t origin_y, uint8_t extent_x, uint8_t extent_y) :
+		SpriteBounds({origin_x, origin_y, 0}, {extent_x, extent_y, 4}, {}), height_ref(height_ref) {}
 };
 
 /** Offsets for drawing fences */
@@ -1948,12 +1947,7 @@ static void DrawTrackFence(const TileInfo *ti, SpriteID base_image, uint num_spr
 	if (_fence_offsets[rfo].height_ref != CORNER_INVALID) {
 		z += GetSlopePixelZInCorner(RemoveHalftileSlope(ti->tileh), _fence_offsets[rfo].height_ref);
 	}
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(base_image + (rfo % num_sprites), _drawtile_track_palette,
-		ti->x + _fence_offsets[rfo].x_offs,
-		ti->y + _fence_offsets[rfo].y_offs,
-		_fence_offsets[rfo].x_size,
-		_fence_offsets[rfo].y_size,
-		4, z);
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(base_image + (rfo % num_sprites), _drawtile_track_palette, ti->x, ti->y, z, _fence_offsets[rfo]);
 }
 
 /**

src/road_cmd.cpp

@@ -1418,7 +1418,7 @@ void DrawRoadTypeCatenary(const TileInfo *ti, RoadType rt, RoadBits rb)
 	 * For tiles with OWNER_TOWN or OWNER_NONE, recolour CC to grey as a neutral colour. */
 	Owner owner = GetRoadOwner(ti->tile, GetRoadTramType(rt));
 	PaletteID pal = (owner == OWNER_NONE || owner == OWNER_TOWN ? GetColourPalette(COLOUR_GREY) : GetCompanyPalette(owner));
-	int z_wires = (ti->tileh == SLOPE_FLAT ? 0 : TILE_HEIGHT) + BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE;
+	uint8_t z_wires = (ti->tileh == SLOPE_FLAT ? 0 : TILE_HEIGHT) + BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE;
 	if (back != 0) {
 		/* The "back" sprite contains the west, north and east pillars.
 		 * We cut the sprite at 3/8 of the west/east edges to create 3 sprites.
@@ -1427,13 +1427,16 @@ void DrawRoadTypeCatenary(const TileInfo *ti, RoadType rt, RoadBits rb)
 		static const SubSprite west  = { -INF, -INF, -12, INF };
 		static const SubSprite north = {  -12, -INF,  12, INF };
 		static const SubSprite east  = {   12, -INF, INF, INF };
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(back, pal, ti->x, ti->y, 16,  1, z_wires, ti->z, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), 15,  0, GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_W), &west);
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(back, pal, ti->x, ti->y,  1,  1, z_wires, ti->z, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY),  0,  0, GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_N), &north);
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(back, pal, ti->x, ti->y,  1, 16, z_wires, ti->z, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY),  0, 15, GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_E), &east);
+		int8_t west_z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_W);
+		int8_t north_z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_N);
+		int8_t east_z = GetSlopePixelZInCorner(ti->tileh, CORNER_E);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(back, pal, *ti, {{15, 0, west_z}, {1, 1, z_wires}, {-15, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(-west_z)}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), &west);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(back, pal, *ti, {{0, 0, north_z}, {1, 1, z_wires}, {0, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(-north_z)}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), &north);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(back, pal, *ti, {{0, 15, east_z}, {1, 1, z_wires}, {0, -15, static_cast<int8_t>(-east_z)}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), &east);
 	}
 	if (front != 0) {
 		/* Draw the "front" sprite (containing south pillar and wires) at a Z height that is both above the vehicles and above the "back" pillars. */
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(front, pal, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, z_wires + 1, ti->z, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), 0, 0, z_wires);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(front, pal, *ti, {{0, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(z_wires)}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 1}, {0, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(-z_wires)}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1487,13 +1490,13 @@ void DrawRoadCatenary(const TileInfo *ti)
  * @param h   the height of the sprite to draw
  * @param transparent  whether the sprite should be transparent (used for roadside trees)
  */
-static void DrawRoadDetail(SpriteID img, const TileInfo *ti, int dx, int dy, int h, bool transparent)
+static void DrawRoadDetail(SpriteID img, const TileInfo *ti, int8_t dx, int8_t dy, uint8_t h, bool transparent)
 {
 	int x = ti->x | dx;
 	int y = ti->y | dy;
 	int z = ti->z;
 	if (ti->tileh != SLOPE_FLAT) z = GetSlopePixelZ(x, y);
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(img, PAL_NONE, x, y, 2, 2, h, z, transparent);
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(img, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, z, {{dx, dy, 0}, {2, 2, h}, {}}, transparent);
 }
 
 /**

src/roadveh_cmd.cpp

@@ -405,29 +405,56 @@ void RoadVehicle::MarkDirty()
 
 void RoadVehicle::UpdateDeltaXY()
 {
-	static const int8_t _delta_xy_table[8][10] = {
-		/* y_extent, x_extent, y_offs, x_offs, y_bb_offs, x_bb_offs, y_extent_shorten, x_extent_shorten, y_bb_offs_shorten, x_bb_offs_shorten */
-		{3, 3, -1, -1,  0,  0, -1, -1, -1, -1}, // N
-		{3, 7, -1, -3,  0, -1,  0, -1,  0,  0}, // NE
-		{3, 3, -1, -1,  0,  0,  1, -1,  1, -1}, // E
-		{7, 3, -3, -1, -1,  0,  0,  0,  1,  0}, // SE
-		{3, 3, -1, -1,  0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1}, // S
-		{3, 7, -1, -3,  0, -1,  0,  0,  0,  1}, // SW
-		{3, 3, -1, -1,  0,  0, -1,  1, -1,  1}, // W
-		{7, 3, -3, -1, -1,  0, -1,  0,  0,  0}, // NW
-	};
+	/* Set common defaults. */
+	this->bounds = {{-1, -1, 0}, {3, 3, 6}, {}};
 
-	int shorten = VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
-	if (!IsDiagonalDirection(this->direction)) shorten >>= 1;
+	if (!IsDiagonalDirection(this->direction)) {
+		static const Point _sign_table[] = {
+			/* x, y */
+			{-1, -1}, // DIR_N
+			{-1,  1}, // DIR_E
+			{ 1,  1}, // DIR_S
+			{ 1, -1}, // DIR_W
+		};
 
-	const int8_t *bb = _delta_xy_table[this->direction];
-	this->x_bb_offs     = bb[5] + bb[9] * shorten;
-	this->y_bb_offs     = bb[4] + bb[8] * shorten;;
-	this->x_offs        = bb[3];
-	this->y_offs        = bb[2];
-	this->x_extent      = bb[1] + bb[7] * shorten;
-	this->y_extent      = bb[0] + bb[6] * shorten;
-	this->z_extent      = 6;
+		int half_shorten = (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length) / 2;
+
+		/* For all straight directions, move the bound box to the centre of the vehicle, but keep the size. */
+		this->bounds.offset.x -= half_shorten * _sign_table[DirToDiagDir(this->direction)].x;
+		this->bounds.offset.y -= half_shorten * _sign_table[DirToDiagDir(this->direction)].y;
+	} else {
+		/* Unlike trains, road vehicles do not have their offsets moved to the centre. */
+		switch (this->direction) {
+				/* Shorten southern corner of the bounding box according the vehicle length. */
+			case DIR_NE:
+				this->bounds.origin.x = -3;
+				this->bounds.extent.x = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.x = 1;
+				break;
+
+			case DIR_NW:
+				this->bounds.origin.y = -3;
+				this->bounds.extent.y = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.y = 1;
+				break;
+
+				/* Move northern corner of the bounding box down according to vehicle length. */
+			case DIR_SW:
+				this->bounds.origin.x = -3 + (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length);
+				this->bounds.extent.x = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.x = 1 - (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length);
+				break;
+
+			case DIR_SE:
+				this->bounds.origin.y = -3 + (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length);
+				this->bounds.extent.y = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.y = 1 - (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length);
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				NOT_REACHED();
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 /**

src/ship_cmd.cpp

@@ -330,32 +330,26 @@ TileIndex Ship::GetOrderStationLocation(StationID station)
 
 void Ship::UpdateDeltaXY()
 {
-	static const int8_t _delta_xy_table[8][4] = {
-		/* y_extent, x_extent, y_offs, x_offs */
-		{ 6,  6,  -3,  -3}, // N
-		{ 6, 32,  -3, -16}, // NE
-		{ 6,  6,  -3,  -3}, // E
-		{32,  6, -16,  -3}, // SE
-		{ 6,  6,  -3,  -3}, // S
-		{ 6, 32,  -3, -16}, // SW
-		{ 6,  6,  -3,  -3}, // W
-		{32,  6, -16,  -3}, // NW
+	static constexpr SpriteBounds ship_bounds[DIR_END] = {
+		{{ -3,  -3, 0}, { 6,  6, 6}, {}}, // N
+		{{-16,  -3, 0}, {32,  6, 6}, {}}, // NE
+		{{ -3,  -3, 0}, { 6,  6, 6}, {}}, // E
+		{{ -3, -16, 0}, { 6, 32, 6}, {}}, // SE
+		{{ -3,  -3, 0}, { 6,  6, 6}, {}}, // S
+		{{-16,  -3, 0}, {32,  6, 6}, {}}, // SW
+		{{ -3,  -3, 0}, { 6,  6, 6}, {}}, // W
+		{{ -3, -16, 0}, { 6, 32, 6}, {}}, // NW
 	};
 
-	const int8_t *bb = _delta_xy_table[this->rotation];
-	this->x_offs        = bb[3];
-	this->y_offs        = bb[2];
-	this->x_extent      = bb[1];
-	this->y_extent      = bb[0];
-	this->z_extent      = 6;
+	this->bounds = ship_bounds[this->rotation];
 
 	if (this->direction != this->rotation) {
 		/* If we are rotating, then it is possible the ship was moved to its next position. In that
 		 * case, because we are still showing the old direction, the ship will appear to glitch sideways
 		 * slightly. We can work around this by applying an additional offset to make the ship appear
 		 * where it was before it moved. */
-		this->x_offs -= this->x_pos - this->rotation_x_pos;
-		this->y_offs -= this->y_pos - this->rotation_y_pos;
+		this->bounds.origin.x -= this->x_pos - this->rotation_x_pos;
+		this->bounds.origin.y -= this->y_pos - this->rotation_y_pos;
 	}
 }
 

src/sprite.cpp

@@ -54,16 +54,11 @@ void DrawCommonTileSeq(const TileInfo *ti, const DrawTileSprites *dts, Transpare
 
 		if (dtss.IsParentSprite()) {
 			parent_sprite_encountered = true;
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(
-				image, pal,
-				ti->x + dtss.delta_x, ti->y + dtss.delta_y,
-				dtss.size_x, dtss.size_y,
-				dtss.size_z, ti->z + dtss.delta_z,
-				!HasBit(image, SPRITE_MODIFIER_OPAQUE) && IsTransparencySet(to)
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image, pal, *ti, dtss, !HasBit(image, SPRITE_MODIFIER_OPAQUE) && IsTransparencySet(to)
 			);
 		} else {
-			int offs_x = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.delta_x) : dtss.delta_x;
-			int offs_y = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.delta_y) : dtss.delta_y;
+			int offs_x = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.origin.x) : dtss.origin.x;
+			int offs_y = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.origin.y) : dtss.origin.y;
 			bool transparent = !HasBit(image, SPRITE_MODIFIER_OPAQUE) && IsTransparencySet(to);
 			if (parent_sprite_encountered) {
 				AddChildSpriteScreen(image, pal, offs_x, offs_y, transparent);
@@ -114,15 +109,15 @@ void DrawCommonTileSeqInGUI(int x, int y, const DrawTileSprites *dts, int32_t or
 		pal = SpriteLayoutPaletteTransform(image, pal, default_palette);
 
 		if (dtss.IsParentSprite()) {
-			Point pt = RemapCoords(dtss.delta_x, dtss.delta_y, dtss.delta_z);
+			Point pt = RemapCoords(dtss.origin.x, dtss.origin.y, dtss.origin.z);
 			DrawSprite(image, pal, x + UnScaleGUI(pt.x), y + UnScaleGUI(pt.y));
 
 			const Sprite *spr = GetSprite(image & SPRITE_MASK, SpriteType::Normal);
 			child_offset.x = UnScaleGUI(pt.x + spr->x_offs);
 			child_offset.y = UnScaleGUI(pt.y + spr->y_offs);
 		} else {
-			int offs_x = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.delta_x) : dtss.delta_x;
-			int offs_y = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.delta_y) : dtss.delta_y;
+			int offs_x = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.origin.x) : dtss.origin.x;
+			int offs_y = child_offset_is_unsigned ? static_cast<uint8_t>(dtss.origin.y) : dtss.origin.y;
 			DrawSprite(image, pal, x + child_offset.x + ScaleSpriteTrad(offs_x), y + child_offset.y + ScaleSpriteTrad(offs_y));
 		}
 	}

src/sprite.h

@@ -10,28 +10,37 @@
 #ifndef SPRITE_H
 #define SPRITE_H
 
+#include "core/geometry_type.hpp"
 #include "transparency.h"
 
 #include "table/sprites.h"
 
+struct SpriteBounds {
+	Coord3D<int8_t> origin; ///< Position of northern corner within tile.
+	Coord3D<uint8_t> extent; ///< Size of bounding box.
+	Coord3D<int8_t> offset; ///< Relative position of sprite from bounding box.
+
+	constexpr SpriteBounds() = default;
+	constexpr SpriteBounds(const Coord3D<int8_t> &origin, const Coord3D<uint8_t> &extent, const Coord3D<int8_t> &offset) :
+		origin(origin), extent(extent), offset(offset) {}
+};
+
 /* The following describes bunch of sprites to be drawn together in a single 3D
  * bounding box. Used especially for various multi-sprite buildings (like
  * depots or stations): */
 
 /** A tile child sprite and palette to draw for stations etc, with 3D bounding box */
-struct DrawTileSeqStruct {
-	int8_t delta_x = 0;
-	int8_t delta_y = 0;
-	int8_t delta_z = 0; ///< \c 0x80 identifies child sprites
-	uint8_t size_x = 0;
-	uint8_t size_y = 0;
-	uint8_t size_z = 0;
-	PalSpriteID image{};
+struct DrawTileSeqStruct : SpriteBounds {
+	PalSpriteID image;
+
+	constexpr DrawTileSeqStruct() = default;
+	constexpr DrawTileSeqStruct(int8_t origin_x, int8_t origin_y, int8_t origin_z, uint8_t extent_x, uint8_t extent_y, uint8_t extent_z, PalSpriteID image) :
+		SpriteBounds({origin_x, origin_y, origin_z}, {extent_x, extent_y, extent_z}, {}), image(image) {}
 
 	/** Check whether this is a parent sprite with a boundingbox. */
-	bool IsParentSprite() const
+	inline bool IsParentSprite() const
 	{
-		return (uint8_t)this->delta_z != 0x80;
+		return static_cast<uint8_t>(this->origin.z) != 0x80;
 	}
 };
 
@@ -69,14 +78,9 @@ struct DrawTileSpriteSpan : DrawTileSprites {
  * This structure is the same for both Industries and Houses.
  * Buildings here reference a general type of construction
  */
-struct DrawBuildingsTileStruct {
+struct DrawBuildingsTileStruct : SpriteBounds {
 	PalSpriteID ground;
 	PalSpriteID building;
-	uint8_t subtile_x;
-	uint8_t subtile_y;
-	uint8_t width;
-	uint8_t height;
-	uint8_t dz;
 	uint8_t draw_proc;  // this allows to specify a special drawing procedure.
 };
 

src/spritecache.cpp

@@ -535,7 +535,7 @@ static void *ReadSprite(const SpriteCache *sc, SpriteID id, SpriteType sprite_ty
 
 struct GrfSpriteOffset {
 	size_t file_pos;
-	uint8_t control_flags;
+	SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags{};
 };
 
 /** Map from sprite numbers to position in the GRF file. */
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ void ReadGRFSpriteOffsets(SpriteFile &file)
 		size_t old_pos = file.GetPos();
 		file.SeekTo(data_offset, SEEK_CUR);
 
-		GrfSpriteOffset offset = { 0, 0 };
+		GrfSpriteOffset offset{0};
 
 		/* Loop over all sprite section entries and store the file
 		 * offset for each newly encountered ID. */
@@ -574,7 +574,6 @@ void ReadGRFSpriteOffsets(SpriteFile &file)
 			if (id != prev_id) {
 				_grf_sprite_offsets[prev_id] = offset;
 				offset.file_pos = file.GetPos() - 4;
-				offset.control_flags = 0;
 			}
 			prev_id = id;
 			uint length = file.ReadDword();
@@ -585,11 +584,11 @@ void ReadGRFSpriteOffsets(SpriteFile &file)
 					uint8_t zoom = file.ReadByte();
 					length--;
 					if (colour.Any() && zoom == 0) { // ZoomLevel::Normal (normal zoom)
-						SetBit(offset.control_flags, (colour != SpriteComponent::Palette) ? SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_1X_32BPP : SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_1X_PAL);
-						SetBit(offset.control_flags, (colour != SpriteComponent::Palette) ? SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_32BPP : SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_PAL);
+						offset.control_flags.Set((colour != SpriteComponent::Palette) ? SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin1x32bpp : SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin1xPal);
+						offset.control_flags.Set((colour != SpriteComponent::Palette) ? SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin2x32bpp : SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin2xPal);
 					}
 					if (colour.Any() && zoom == 2) { // ZoomLevel::In2x (2x zoomed in)
-						SetBit(offset.control_flags, (colour != SpriteComponent::Palette) ? SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_32BPP : SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_PAL);
+						offset.control_flags.Set((colour != SpriteComponent::Palette) ? SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin2x32bpp : SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin2xPal);
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -621,7 +620,7 @@ bool LoadNextSprite(SpriteID load_index, SpriteFile &file, uint file_sprite_id)
 	uint8_t grf_type = file.ReadByte();
 
 	SpriteType type;
-	uint8_t control_flags = 0;
+	SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags;
 	if (grf_type == 0xFF) {
 		/* Some NewGRF files have "empty" pseudo-sprites which are 1
 		 * byte long. Catch these so the sprites won't be displayed. */

src/spritecache.h

@@ -11,24 +11,9 @@
 #define SPRITECACHE_H
 
 #include "gfx_type.h"
+#include "spritecache_type.h"
 #include "spriteloader/spriteloader.hpp"
 
-/** Data structure describing a sprite. */
-struct Sprite {
-	uint16_t height; ///< Height of the sprite.
-	uint16_t width;  ///< Width of the sprite.
-	int16_t x_offs;  ///< Number of pixels to shift the sprite to the right.
-	int16_t y_offs;  ///< Number of pixels to shift the sprite downwards.
-	std::byte data[]; ///< Sprite data.
-};
-
-enum SpriteCacheCtrlFlags : uint8_t {
-	SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_1X_PAL    = 0, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 1x in palette mode.
-	SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_1X_32BPP  = 1, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 1x in 32bpp mode.
-	SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_PAL    = 2, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 2x in palette mode.
-	SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_32BPP  = 3, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 2x in 32bpp mode.
-};
-
 extern uint _sprite_cache_size;
 
 /** SpriteAllocator that allocates memory via a unique_ptr array. */

src/spritecache_internal.h

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 #include "core/math_func.hpp"
 #include "gfx_type.h"
+#include "spritecache_type.h"
 #include "spriteloader/spriteloader.hpp"
 
 #include "table/sprites.h"
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ struct SpriteCache {
 	uint32_t lru = 0;
 	SpriteType type = SpriteType::Invalid; ///< In some cases a single sprite is misused by two NewGRFs. Once as real sprite and once as recolour sprite. If the recolour sprite gets into the cache it might be drawn as real sprite which causes enormous trouble.
 	bool warned = false; ///< True iff the user has been warned about incorrect use of this sprite
-	uint8_t control_flags = 0; ///< Control flags, see SpriteCacheCtrlFlags
+	SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags{}; ///< Control flags, see SpriteCacheCtrlFlags
 
 	void ClearSpriteData();
 };

src/spritecache_type.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of OpenTTD.
+ * OpenTTD is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
+ * OpenTTD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ * See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with OpenTTD. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+/** @file spritecache_type.h Types related to the sprite cache. */
+
+#ifndef SPRITECACHE_TYPE_H
+#define SPRITECACHE_TYPE_H
+
+#include "core/enum_type.hpp"
+
+/** Data structure describing a sprite. */
+struct Sprite {
+	uint16_t height; ///< Height of the sprite.
+	uint16_t width;  ///< Width of the sprite.
+	int16_t x_offs;  ///< Number of pixels to shift the sprite to the right.
+	int16_t y_offs;  ///< Number of pixels to shift the sprite downwards.
+	std::byte data[]; ///< Sprite data.
+};
+
+enum class SpriteCacheCtrlFlag : uint8_t {
+	AllowZoomMin1xPal, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 1x in palette mode.
+	AllowZoomMin1x32bpp, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 1x in 32bpp mode.
+	AllowZoomMin2xPal, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 2x in palette mode.
+	AllowZoomMin2x32bpp, ///< Allow use of sprite min zoom setting at 2x in 32bpp mode.
+};
+
+using SpriteCacheCtrlFlags = EnumBitSet<SpriteCacheCtrlFlag, uint8_t>;
+
+#endif /* SPRITECACHE_TYPE_H */

src/spriteloader/grf.cpp

@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ static ZoomLevels LoadSpriteV1(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFil
 	return {};
 }
 
-static ZoomLevels LoadSpriteV2(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, uint8_t control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp)
+static ZoomLevels LoadSpriteV2(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp)
 {
 	static const ZoomLevel zoom_lvl_map[6] = {ZoomLevel::Normal, ZoomLevel::In4x, ZoomLevel::In2x, ZoomLevel::Out2x, ZoomLevel::Out4x, ZoomLevel::Out8x};
 
@@ -295,11 +295,11 @@ static ZoomLevels LoadSpriteV2(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFil
 				is_wanted_zoom_lvl = true;
 				ZoomLevel zoom_min = sprite_type == SpriteType::Font ? ZoomLevel::Min : _settings_client.gui.sprite_zoom_min;
 				if (zoom_min >= ZoomLevel::In2x &&
-						HasBit(control_flags, load_32bpp ? SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_32BPP : SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_2X_PAL) && zoom_lvl < ZoomLevel::In2x) {
+						control_flags.Test(load_32bpp ? SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin2x32bpp : SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin2xPal) && zoom_lvl < ZoomLevel::In2x) {
 					is_wanted_zoom_lvl = false;
 				}
 				if (zoom_min >= ZoomLevel::Normal &&
-						HasBit(control_flags, load_32bpp ? SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_1X_32BPP : SCCF_ALLOW_ZOOM_MIN_1X_PAL) && zoom_lvl < ZoomLevel::Normal) {
+						control_flags.Test(load_32bpp ? SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin1x32bpp : SpriteCacheCtrlFlag::AllowZoomMin1xPal) && zoom_lvl < ZoomLevel::Normal) {
 					is_wanted_zoom_lvl = false;
 				}
 			} else {
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ static ZoomLevels LoadSpriteV2(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFil
 	return loaded_sprites;
 }
 
-ZoomLevels SpriteLoaderGrf::LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, uint8_t control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp)
+ZoomLevels SpriteLoaderGrf::LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp)
 {
 	if (this->container_ver >= 2) {
 		return LoadSpriteV2(sprite, file, file_pos, sprite_type, load_32bpp, control_flags, avail_8bpp, avail_32bpp);

src/spriteloader/grf.hpp

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class SpriteLoaderGrf : public SpriteLoader {
 	uint8_t container_ver;
 public:
 	SpriteLoaderGrf(uint8_t container_ver) : container_ver(container_ver) {}
-	ZoomLevels LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, uint8_t control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp) override;
+	ZoomLevels LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp) override;
 };
 
 #endif /* SPRITELOADER_GRF_HPP */

src/spriteloader/makeindexed.cpp

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ static void Convert32bppTo8bpp(SpriteLoader::Sprite &sprite)
 	}
 }
 
-ZoomLevels SpriteLoaderMakeIndexed::LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool, uint8_t control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp)
+ZoomLevels SpriteLoaderMakeIndexed::LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool, SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp)
 {
 	ZoomLevels avail = this->baseloader.LoadSprite(sprite, file, file_pos, sprite_type, true, control_flags, avail_8bpp, avail_32bpp);
 

src/spriteloader/makeindexed.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class SpriteLoaderMakeIndexed : public SpriteLoader {
 	SpriteLoader &baseloader;
 public:
 	SpriteLoaderMakeIndexed(SpriteLoader &baseloader) : baseloader(baseloader) {}
-	ZoomLevels LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, uint8_t control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp) override;
+	ZoomLevels LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp) override;
 };
 
 #endif /* SPRITELOADER_MAKEINDEXED_H */

src/spriteloader/spriteloader.hpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "../core/alloc_type.hpp"
 #include "../core/enum_type.hpp"
 #include "../gfx_type.h"
+#include "../spritecache_type.h"
 #include "sprite_file_type.hpp"
 
 struct Sprite;
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ public:
 	 * @param[out] avail_32bpp Available 32bpp sprites.
 	 * @return Available sprites matching \a load_32bpp.
 	 */
-	virtual ZoomLevels LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, uint8_t control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp) = 0;
+	virtual ZoomLevels LoadSprite(SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection &sprite, SpriteFile &file, size_t file_pos, SpriteType sprite_type, bool load_32bpp, SpriteCacheCtrlFlags control_flags, ZoomLevels &avail_8bpp, ZoomLevels &avail_32bpp) = 0;
 
 	virtual ~SpriteLoader() = default;
 };

src/station_cmd.cpp

@@ -3184,7 +3184,7 @@ static void DrawTile_Station(TileInfo *ti)
 					7, 8, 9     // SLOPE_NE, SLOPE_ENW, SLOPE_SEN
 				};
 
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image + foundation_parts[ti->tileh], PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 7, ti->z);
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image + foundation_parts[ti->tileh], PAL_NONE, *ti, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 7}, {}});
 			} else {
 				/* Draw simple foundations, built up from 8 possible foundation sprites. */
 
@@ -3218,7 +3218,7 @@ static void DrawTile_Station(TileInfo *ti)
 				StartSpriteCombine();
 				for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 					if (HasBit(parts, i)) {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image + i, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 7, ti->z);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image + i, PAL_NONE, *ti, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 7}, {}});
 					}
 				}
 				EndSpriteCombine();

src/table/elrail_data.h

@@ -313,14 +313,12 @@ enum WireSpriteOffset : uint8_t {
 	WSO_ENTRANCE_SE,
 };
 
-struct SortableSpriteStruct {
+struct SortableSpriteStruct : SpriteBounds {
 	uint8_t image_offset;
-	int8_t x_offset;
-	int8_t y_offset;
-	int8_t x_size;
-	int8_t y_size;
-	int8_t z_size;
-	int8_t z_offset;
+
+	constexpr SortableSpriteStruct(uint8_t image_offset, const SpriteBounds &bounds) : SpriteBounds(bounds), image_offset(image_offset) {}
+	constexpr SortableSpriteStruct(uint8_t image_offset, int8_t x_offset, int8_t y_offset, uint8_t x_size, uint8_t y_size, uint8_t z_size, int8_t z_offset) :
+		SpriteBounds({x_offset, y_offset, z_offset}, {x_size, y_size, z_size}, {}), image_offset(image_offset) {}
 };
 
 /** Distance between wire and rail */
@@ -398,11 +396,17 @@ static const SortableSpriteStruct _rail_catenary_sprite_data_depot[] = {
 	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_NW,   7,  0,  1, 15,  1, ELRAIL_ELEVATION }  //! Wire for NW depot exit
 };
 
+/**
+ * In tunnelheads, the bounding box for wires covers nearly the full tile, and is lowered a bit.
+ * ELRAIL_TUNNEL_OFFSET is the difference between visual position and bounding box.
+ */
+static const int8_t ELRAIL_TUNNEL_OFFSET = ELRAIL_ELEVATION - BB_Z_SEPARATOR;
+
 static const SortableSpriteStruct _rail_catenary_sprite_data_tunnel[] = {
-	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_SW,   0,  7, 15,  1,  1, ELRAIL_ELEVATION }, //! Wire for NE tunnel (SW facing exit)
-	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_NW,   7,  0,  1, 15,  1, ELRAIL_ELEVATION }, //! Wire for SE tunnel (NW facing exit)
-	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_NE,   0,  7, 15,  1,  1, ELRAIL_ELEVATION }, //! Wire for SW tunnel (NE facing exit)
-	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_SE,   7,  0,  1, 15,  1, ELRAIL_ELEVATION }  //! Wire for NW tunnel (SE facing exit)
+	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_SW, {{0, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {16, 15, 1}, {0, 7, ELRAIL_TUNNEL_OFFSET}} }, //! Wire for NE tunnel (SW facing exit)
+	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_NW, {{0, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {15, 16, 1}, {7, 0, ELRAIL_TUNNEL_OFFSET}} }, //! Wire for SE tunnel (NW facing exit)
+	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_NE, {{0, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {16, 15, 1}, {0, 7, ELRAIL_TUNNEL_OFFSET}} }, //! Wire for SW tunnel (NE facing exit)
+	{ WSO_ENTRANCE_SE, {{0, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {15, 16, 1}, {7, 0, ELRAIL_TUNNEL_OFFSET}} }  //! Wire for NW tunnel (SE facing exit)
 };
 
 

src/table/industry_land.h

@@ -37,15 +37,15 @@ struct DrawIndustryCoordinates {
  * @param p1 palette ID of ground sprite
  * @param s2 sprite ID of building sprite
  * @param p2 palette ID of building sprite
- * @param sx coordinate x of the sprite
- * @param sy coordinate y of the sprite
- * @param w width of the sprite
- * @param h height of the sprite
- * @param dz virtual height of the sprite
+ * @param dx The x-position of the sprite within the tile.
+ * @param dy the y-position of the sprite within the tile.
+ * @param sx the x-extent of the sprite.
+ * @param sy the y-extent of the sprite.
+ * @param sz the z-extent of the sprite.
  * @param p this allows to specify a special drawing procedure.
  * @see DrawBuildingsTileStruct
  */
-#define M(s1, p1, s2, p2, sx, sy, w, h, dz, p) { { s1, p1 }, { s2, p2 }, sx, sy, w, h, dz, p }
+#define M(s1, p1, s2, p2, dx, dy, sx, sy, sz, p) { {{dx, dy, 0}, {sx, sy, sz}, {}}, { s1, p1 }, { s2, p2 }, p}
 
 /** Structure for industry tiles drawing */
 static const DrawBuildingsTileStruct _industry_draw_tile_data[NEW_INDUSTRYTILEOFFSET * 4] = {

src/table/town_land.h

@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@
  * @param p1 The first sprite's palette of the building, mostly the ground sprite
  * @param s2 The second sprite of the building.
  * @param p2 The second sprite's palette of the building.
- * @param sx The x-position of the sprite within the tile
- * @param sy the y-position of the sprite within the tile
- * @param w the width of the sprite
- * @param h the height of the sprite
- * @param dz the virtual height of the sprite
+ * @param dx The x-position of the sprite within the tile.
+ * @param dy the y-position of the sprite within the tile.
+ * @param sx the x-extent of the sprite.
+ * @param sy the y-extent of the sprite.
+ * @param sz the z-extent of the sprite.
  * @param p set to 1 if a lift is present ()
  * @see DrawBuildingsTileStruct
  */
-#define M(s1, p1, s2, p2, sx, sy, w, h, dz, p) { { s1, p1 }, { s2, p2 }, sx, sy, w, h, dz, p}
+#define M(s1, p1, s2, p2, dx, dy, sx, sy, sz, p) { {{dx, dy, 0}, {sx, sy, sz}, {}}, { s1, p1 }, { s2, p2 }, p}
 
 /** structure of houses graphics*/
 static const DrawBuildingsTileStruct _town_draw_tile_data[] = {

src/tests/mock_spritecache.cpp

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ static bool MockLoadNextSprite(SpriteID load_index)
 	sc->id = 0;
 	sc->type = is_mapgen ? SpriteType::MapGen : SpriteType::Normal;
 	sc->warned = false;
-	sc->control_flags = 0;
+	sc->control_flags = {};
 
 	/* Fill with empty sprites up until the default sprite count. */
 	return load_index < SPR_OPENTTD_BASE + OPENTTD_SPRITE_COUNT;

src/tile_cmd.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #ifndef TILE_CMD_H
 #define TILE_CMD_H
 
+#include "core/geometry_type.hpp"
 #include "command_type.h"
 #include "vehicle_type.h"
 #include "cargo_type.h"
@@ -26,12 +27,9 @@ enum class VehicleEnterTileState : uint8_t {
 using VehicleEnterTileStates = EnumBitSet<VehicleEnterTileState, uint8_t>;
 
 /** Tile information, used while rendering the tile */
-struct TileInfo {
-	int x;          ///< X position of the tile in unit coordinates
-	int y;          ///< Y position of the tile in unit coordinates
+struct TileInfo : Coord3D<int> {
 	Slope tileh;    ///< Slope of the tile
 	TileIndex tile; ///< Tile index
-	int z;          ///< Height
 };
 
 /** Tile description for the 'land area information' tool */

src/tile_type.h

@@ -12,29 +12,29 @@
 
 #include "core/strong_typedef_type.hpp"
 
-static const uint TILE_SIZE           = 16;                    ///< Tile size in world coordinates.
-static const uint TILE_UNIT_MASK      = TILE_SIZE - 1;         ///< For masking in/out the inner-tile world coordinate units.
-static const uint TILE_PIXELS         = 32;                    ///< Pixel distance between tile columns/rows in #ZOOM_BASE.
-static const uint TILE_HEIGHT         =  8;                    ///< Height of a height level in world coordinate AND in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE.
+static constexpr uint TILE_SIZE           = 16;                    ///< Tile size in world coordinates.
+static constexpr uint TILE_UNIT_MASK      = TILE_SIZE - 1;         ///< For masking in/out the inner-tile world coordinate units.
+static constexpr uint TILE_PIXELS         = 32;                    ///< Pixel distance between tile columns/rows in #ZOOM_BASE.
+static constexpr uint TILE_HEIGHT         =  8;                    ///< Height of a height level in world coordinate AND in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE.
 
-static const uint MAX_BUILDING_PIXELS = 200;                   ///< Maximum height of a building in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE. (Also applies to "bridge buildings" on the bridge floor.)
-static const int MAX_VEHICLE_PIXEL_X  = 192;                   ///< Maximum width of a vehicle in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE.
-static const int MAX_VEHICLE_PIXEL_Y  = 96;                    ///< Maximum height of a vehicle in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE.
+static constexpr uint MAX_BUILDING_PIXELS = 200;                   ///< Maximum height of a building in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE. (Also applies to "bridge buildings" on the bridge floor.)
+static constexpr int MAX_VEHICLE_PIXEL_X  = 192;                   ///< Maximum width of a vehicle in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE.
+static constexpr int MAX_VEHICLE_PIXEL_Y  = 96;                    ///< Maximum height of a vehicle in pixels in #ZOOM_BASE.
 
-static const uint MAX_TILE_HEIGHT     = 255;                   ///< Maximum allowed tile height
+static constexpr uint MAX_TILE_HEIGHT     = 255;                   ///< Maximum allowed tile height
 
-static const uint MIN_HEIGHTMAP_HEIGHT = 1;                    ///< Lowest possible peak value for heightmap creation
-static const uint MIN_CUSTOM_TERRAIN_TYPE = 1;                 ///< Lowest possible peak value for world generation
+static constexpr uint MIN_HEIGHTMAP_HEIGHT = 1;                    ///< Lowest possible peak value for heightmap creation
+static constexpr uint MIN_CUSTOM_TERRAIN_TYPE = 1;                 ///< Lowest possible peak value for world generation
 
-static const uint MIN_MAP_HEIGHT_LIMIT = 15;                   ///< Lower bound of maximum allowed heightlevel (in the construction settings)
-static const uint MAX_MAP_HEIGHT_LIMIT = MAX_TILE_HEIGHT;      ///< Upper bound of maximum allowed heightlevel (in the construction settings)
+static constexpr uint MIN_MAP_HEIGHT_LIMIT = 15;                   ///< Lower bound of maximum allowed heightlevel (in the construction settings)
+static constexpr uint MAX_MAP_HEIGHT_LIMIT = MAX_TILE_HEIGHT;      ///< Upper bound of maximum allowed heightlevel (in the construction settings)
 
-static const uint MIN_SNOWLINE_HEIGHT = 2;                     ///< Minimum snowline height
-static const uint DEF_SNOWLINE_HEIGHT = 10;                    ///< Default snowline height
-static const uint MAX_SNOWLINE_HEIGHT = (MAX_TILE_HEIGHT - 2); ///< Maximum allowed snowline height
+static constexpr uint MIN_SNOWLINE_HEIGHT = 2;                     ///< Minimum snowline height
+static constexpr uint DEF_SNOWLINE_HEIGHT = 10;                    ///< Default snowline height
+static constexpr uint MAX_SNOWLINE_HEIGHT = (MAX_TILE_HEIGHT - 2); ///< Maximum allowed snowline height
 
-static const uint DEF_SNOW_COVERAGE = 40;                      ///< Default snow coverage.
-static const uint DEF_DESERT_COVERAGE = 50;                    ///< Default desert coverage.
+static constexpr uint DEF_SNOW_COVERAGE = 40;                      ///< Default snow coverage.
+static constexpr uint DEF_DESERT_COVERAGE = 50;                    ///< Default desert coverage.
 
 
 /**

src/town_cmd.cpp

@@ -284,15 +284,7 @@ static void DrawTile_Town(TileInfo *ti)
 	/* Add a house on top of the ground? */
 	SpriteID image = dcts->building.sprite;
 	if (image != 0) {
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image, dcts->building.pal,
-			ti->x + dcts->subtile_x,
-			ti->y + dcts->subtile_y,
-			dcts->width,
-			dcts->height,
-			dcts->dz,
-			ti->z,
-			IsTransparencySet(TO_HOUSES)
-		);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image, dcts->building.pal, *ti, *dcts, IsTransparencySet(TO_HOUSES));
 
 		if (IsTransparencySet(TO_HOUSES)) return;
 	}

src/town_gui.cpp

@@ -1376,7 +1376,7 @@ void DrawHouseInGUI(int x, int y, HouseID house_id, int view)
 
 		/* Add a house on top of the ground? */
 		if (dcts.building.sprite != 0) {
-			Point pt = RemapCoords(dcts.subtile_x, dcts.subtile_y, 0);
+			Point pt = RemapCoords(dcts.origin.x, dcts.origin.y, dcts.origin.z);
 			DrawSprite(dcts.building.sprite, dcts.building.pal, x + UnScaleGUI(pt.x), y + UnScaleGUI(pt.y));
 		}
 	};

src/train_cmd.cpp

@@ -1491,13 +1491,7 @@ CommandCost CmdSellRailWagon(DoCommandFlags flags, Vehicle *t, bool sell_chain,
 void Train::UpdateDeltaXY()
 {
 	/* Set common defaults. */
-	this->x_offs    = -1;
-	this->y_offs    = -1;
-	this->x_extent  =  3;
-	this->y_extent  =  3;
-	this->z_extent  =  6;
-	this->x_bb_offs =  0;
-	this->y_bb_offs =  0;
+	this->bounds = {{-1, -1, 0}, {3, 3, 6}, {}};
 
 	/* Set if flipped and engine is NOT flagged with custom flip handling. */
 	int flipped = this->flags.Test(VehicleRailFlag::Flipped) && !EngInfo(this->engine_type)->misc_flags.Test(EngineMiscFlag::RailFlips);
@@ -1508,50 +1502,47 @@ void Train::UpdateDeltaXY()
 	if (flipped) dir = ReverseDir(dir);
 
 	if (!IsDiagonalDirection(dir)) {
-		static const int _sign_table[] =
-		{
+		static const Point _sign_table[] = {
 			/* x, y */
-			-1, -1, // DIR_N
-			-1,  1, // DIR_E
-			 1,  1, // DIR_S
-			 1, -1, // DIR_W
+			{-1, -1}, // DIR_N
+			{-1,  1}, // DIR_E
+			{ 1,  1}, // DIR_S
+			{ 1, -1}, // DIR_W
 		};
 
 		int half_shorten = (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length + flipped) / 2;
 
 		/* For all straight directions, move the bound box to the centre of the vehicle, but keep the size. */
-		this->x_offs -= half_shorten * _sign_table[dir];
-		this->y_offs -= half_shorten * _sign_table[dir + 1];
-		this->x_extent += this->x_bb_offs = half_shorten * _sign_table[dir];
-		this->y_extent += this->y_bb_offs = half_shorten * _sign_table[dir + 1];
+		this->bounds.offset.x -= half_shorten * _sign_table[DirToDiagDir(dir)].x;
+		this->bounds.offset.y -= half_shorten * _sign_table[DirToDiagDir(dir)].y;
 	} else {
 		switch (dir) {
 				/* Shorten southern corner of the bounding box according the vehicle length
 				 * and center the bounding box on the vehicle. */
 			case DIR_NE:
-				this->x_offs    = 1 - (this->gcache.cached_veh_length + 1) / 2 + flip_offs;
-				this->x_extent  = this->gcache.cached_veh_length - 1;
-				this->x_bb_offs = -1;
+				this->bounds.origin.x = -(this->gcache.cached_veh_length + 1) / 2 + flip_offs;
+				this->bounds.extent.x = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.x = 1;
 				break;
 
 			case DIR_NW:
-				this->y_offs    = 1 - (this->gcache.cached_veh_length + 1) / 2 + flip_offs;
-				this->y_extent  = this->gcache.cached_veh_length - 1;
-				this->y_bb_offs = -1;
+				this->bounds.origin.y = -(this->gcache.cached_veh_length + 1) / 2 + flip_offs;
+				this->bounds.extent.y = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.y = 1;
 				break;
 
 				/* Move northern corner of the bounding box down according to vehicle length
 				 * and center the bounding box on the vehicle. */
 			case DIR_SW:
-				this->x_offs    = 1 + (this->gcache.cached_veh_length + 1) / 2 - VEHICLE_LENGTH - flip_offs;
-				this->x_extent  = VEHICLE_LENGTH - 1;
-				this->x_bb_offs = VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length - 1;
+				this->bounds.origin.x = -(this->gcache.cached_veh_length) / 2 - flip_offs;
+				this->bounds.extent.x = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.x = 1 - (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length);
 				break;
 
 			case DIR_SE:
-				this->y_offs    = 1 + (this->gcache.cached_veh_length + 1) / 2 - VEHICLE_LENGTH - flip_offs;
-				this->y_extent  = VEHICLE_LENGTH - 1;
-				this->y_bb_offs = VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length - 1;
+				this->bounds.origin.y = -(this->gcache.cached_veh_length) / 2 - flip_offs;
+				this->bounds.extent.y = this->gcache.cached_veh_length;
+				this->bounds.offset.y = 1 - (VEHICLE_LENGTH - this->gcache.cached_veh_length);
 				break;
 
 			default:

src/tree_cmd.cpp

@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ CommandCost CmdPlantTree(DoCommandFlags flags, TileIndex tile, TileIndex start_t
 }
 
 struct TreeListEnt : PalSpriteID {
-	uint8_t x, y;
+	int8_t x, y;
 };
 
 static void DrawTile_Trees(TileInfo *ti)
@@ -699,7 +699,8 @@ static void DrawTile_Trees(TileInfo *ti)
 			}
 		}
 
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(te[mi].sprite, te[mi].pal, ti->x + te[mi].x, ti->y + te[mi].y, 16 - te[mi].x, 16 - te[mi].y, 0x30, z, IsTransparencySet(TO_TREES), -te[mi].x, -te[mi].y);
+		SpriteBounds bounds{{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 48}, {te[mi].x, te[mi].y, 0}};
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(te[mi].sprite, te[mi].pal, ti->x, ti->y, z, bounds, IsTransparencySet(TO_TREES));
 
 		/* replace the removed one with the last one */
 		te[mi] = te[trees - 1];

src/tunnelbridge_cmd.cpp

@@ -1017,10 +1017,10 @@ static CommandCost ClearTile_TunnelBridge(TileIndex tile, DoCommandFlags flags)
  * @param h         Bounding box size in Y direction
  * @param subsprite Optional subsprite for drawing halfpillars
  */
-static inline void DrawPillar(const PalSpriteID *psid, int x, int y, int z, int w, int h, const SubSprite *subsprite)
+static inline void DrawPillar(const PalSpriteID *psid, int x, int y, int z, uint8_t w, uint8_t h, const SubSprite *subsprite)
 {
 	static const int PILLAR_Z_OFFSET = TILE_HEIGHT - BRIDGE_Z_START; ///< Start offset of pillar wrt. bridge (downwards)
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, w, h, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE - PILLAR_Z_OFFSET, z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES), 0, 0, -PILLAR_Z_OFFSET, subsprite);
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, z, {{0, 0, -PILLAR_Z_OFFSET}, {w, h, BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE}, {0, 0, PILLAR_Z_OFFSET}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES), subsprite);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1194,18 +1194,20 @@ static void DrawBridgeRoadBits(TileIndex head_tile, int x, int y, int z, int off
 		}
 	}
 
-	static const uint size_x[6] = {  1, 16, 16,  1, 16,  1 };
-	static const uint size_y[6] = { 16,  1,  1, 16,  1, 16 };
-	static const uint front_bb_offset_x[6] = { 15,  0,  0, 15,  0, 15 };
-	static const uint front_bb_offset_y[6] = {  0, 15, 15,  0, 15,  0 };
+	static constexpr SpriteBounds back_bounds[6] = {
+		{{}, {0, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {}},
+		{{}, {TILE_SIZE, 0, 40}, {}},
+		{{}, {TILE_SIZE, 0, 40}, {}},
+		{{}, {0, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {}},
+		{{}, {TILE_SIZE, 0, 40}, {}},
+		{{}, {0, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {}},
+	};
 
 	/* The sprites under the vehicles are drawn as SpriteCombine. StartSpriteCombine() has already been called
 	 * The bounding boxes here are the same as for bridge front/roof */
 	for (uint i = 0; i < lengthof(seq_back); ++i) {
 		if (seq_back[i] != 0) {
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(seq_back[i], PAL_NONE,
-				x, y, size_x[offset], size_y[offset], 0x28, z,
-				trans_back[i]);
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(seq_back[i], PAL_NONE, x, y, z, back_bounds[offset], trans_back[i]);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1213,12 +1215,18 @@ static void DrawBridgeRoadBits(TileIndex head_tile, int x, int y, int z, int off
 	EndSpriteCombine();
 	StartSpriteCombine();
 
+	static constexpr SpriteBounds front_bounds[6] = {
+		{{15, 0, 0}, {0, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {-15, 0, 0}},
+		{{0, 15, 0}, {TILE_SIZE, 0, 40}, {0, -15, 0}},
+		{{0, 15, 0}, {TILE_SIZE, 0, 40}, {0, -15, 0}},
+		{{15, 0, 0}, {0, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {-15, 0, 0}},
+		{{0, 15, 0}, {TILE_SIZE, 0, 40}, {0, -15, 0}},
+		{{15, 0, 0}, {0, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {-15, 0, 0}},
+	};
+
 	for (uint i = 0; i < lengthof(seq_front); ++i) {
 		if (seq_front[i] != 0) {
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(seq_front[i], PAL_NONE,
-				x, y, size_x[offset] + front_bb_offset_x[offset], size_y[offset] + front_bb_offset_y[offset], 0x28, z,
-				trans_front[i],
-				front_bb_offset_x[offset], front_bb_offset_y[offset]);
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(seq_front[i], PAL_NONE, x, y, z, front_bounds[offset], trans_front[i]);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1251,15 +1259,35 @@ static void DrawTile_TunnelBridge(TileInfo *ti)
 		 *
 		 */
 
-		static const int _tunnel_BB[4][12] = {
-			/*  tunnnel-roof  |  Z-separator  | tram-catenary
-			 * w  h  bb_x bb_y| x   y   w   h |bb_x bb_y w h */
-			{  1,  0, -15, -14,  0, 15, 16,  1, 0, 1, 16, 15 }, // NE
-			{  0,  1, -14, -15, 15,  0,  1, 16, 1, 0, 15, 16 }, // SE
-			{  1,  0, -15, -14,  0, 15, 16,  1, 0, 1, 16, 15 }, // SW
-			{  0,  1, -14, -15, 15,  0,  1, 16, 1, 0, 15, 16 }, // NW
+		 /* Tunnel sprites are positioned at 15,15, but the bounding box covers most of the tile. */
+		static constexpr SpriteBounds roof_bounds[DIAGDIR_END] = {
+			{{0, 1, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE - 1, 1}, {TILE_SIZE - 1, TILE_SIZE - 2, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // NE
+			{{1, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE - 1, TILE_SIZE, 1}, {TILE_SIZE - 2, TILE_SIZE - 1, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // SE
+			{{0, 1, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE - 1, 1}, {TILE_SIZE - 1, TILE_SIZE - 2, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // SW
+			{{1, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE - 1, TILE_SIZE, 1}, {TILE_SIZE - 2, TILE_SIZE - 1, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // NW
+		};
+
+		/* Catenary sprites are positioned at 0,0, with the same bounding box as above. */
+		static constexpr SpriteBounds catenary_bounds[DIAGDIR_END] = {
+			{{0, 1, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE - 1, 1}, {0, -1, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // NE
+			{{1, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE - 1, TILE_SIZE, 1}, {-1, 0, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // SE
+			{{0, 1, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE - 1, 1}, {0, -1, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // SW
+			{{1, 0, BB_Z_SEPARATOR}, {TILE_SIZE - 1, TILE_SIZE, 1}, {-1, 0, -BB_Z_SEPARATOR}}, // NW
+		};
+
+		static constexpr SpriteBounds rear_sep[DIAGDIR_END] = {
+			{{}, {TILE_SIZE, 1, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // NE
+			{{}, {1, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // SE
+			{{}, {TILE_SIZE, 1, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // SW
+			{{}, {1, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // NW
+		};
+
+		static constexpr SpriteBounds front_sep[DIAGDIR_END] = {
+			{{0, TILE_SIZE - 1, 0}, {TILE_SIZE, 1, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // NE
+			{{TILE_SIZE - 1, 0, 0}, {1, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // SE
+			{{0, TILE_SIZE - 1, 0}, {TILE_SIZE, 1, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // SW
+			{{TILE_SIZE - 1, 0, 0}, {1, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}}, // NW
 		};
-		const int *BB_data = _tunnel_BB[tunnelbridge_direction];
 
 		bool catenary = false;
 
@@ -1332,7 +1360,7 @@ static void DrawTile_TunnelBridge(TileInfo *ti)
 			if (catenary_sprite_base != 0) {
 				catenary = true;
 				StartSpriteCombine();
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(catenary_sprite_base + tunnelbridge_direction, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, BB_data[10], BB_data[11], TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z, IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY), BB_data[8], BB_data[9], BB_Z_SEPARATOR);
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(catenary_sprite_base + tunnelbridge_direction, PAL_NONE, *ti, catenary_bounds[tunnelbridge_direction], IsTransparencySet(TO_CATENARY));
 			}
 		} else {
 			const RailTypeInfo *rti = GetRailTypeInfo(GetRailType(ti->tile));
@@ -1364,15 +1392,15 @@ static void DrawTile_TunnelBridge(TileInfo *ti)
 
 		if (railtype_overlay != 0 && !catenary) StartSpriteCombine();
 
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image + 1, PAL_NONE, ti->x + TILE_SIZE - 1, ti->y + TILE_SIZE - 1, BB_data[0], BB_data[1], TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z, false, BB_data[2], BB_data[3], BB_Z_SEPARATOR);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image + 1, PAL_NONE, *ti, roof_bounds[tunnelbridge_direction], false);
 		/* Draw railtype tunnel portal overlay if defined. */
-		if (railtype_overlay != 0) AddSortableSpriteToDraw(railtype_overlay + tunnelbridge_direction, PAL_NONE, ti->x + TILE_SIZE - 1, ti->y + TILE_SIZE - 1, BB_data[0], BB_data[1], TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z, false, BB_data[2], BB_data[3], BB_Z_SEPARATOR);
+		if (railtype_overlay != 0) AddSortableSpriteToDraw(railtype_overlay + tunnelbridge_direction, PAL_NONE, *ti, roof_bounds[tunnelbridge_direction], false);
 
 		if (catenary || railtype_overlay != 0) EndSpriteCombine();
 
 		/* Add helper BB for sprite sorting that separates the tunnel from things beside of it. */
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX, PAL_NONE, ti->x,              ti->y,              BB_data[6], BB_data[7], TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z);
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX, PAL_NONE, ti->x + BB_data[4], ti->y + BB_data[5], BB_data[6], BB_data[7], TILE_HEIGHT, ti->z);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX, PAL_NONE, *ti, rear_sep[tunnelbridge_direction]);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX, PAL_NONE, *ti, front_sep[tunnelbridge_direction]);
 
 		DrawBridgeMiddle(ti);
 	} else { // IsBridge(ti->tile)
@@ -1423,7 +1451,7 @@ static void DrawTile_TunnelBridge(TileInfo *ti)
 		 * it doesn't disappear behind it
 		 */
 		/* Bridge heads are drawn solid no matter how invisibility/transparency is set */
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, ti->tileh == SLOPE_FLAT ? 0 : 8, ti->z);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, *ti, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, static_cast<uint8_t>(ti->tileh == SLOPE_FLAT ? 0 : TILE_HEIGHT)}, {}});
 
 		if (transport_type == TRANSPORT_ROAD) {
 			uint offset = tunnelbridge_direction;
@@ -1445,9 +1473,9 @@ static void DrawTile_TunnelBridge(TileInfo *ti)
 				SpriteID surface = GetCustomRailSprite(rti, ti->tile, RTSG_BRIDGE);
 				if (surface != 0) {
 					if (HasBridgeFlatRamp(ti->tileh, DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction))) {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(surface + ((DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction) == AXIS_X) ? RTBO_X : RTBO_Y), PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 0, ti->z + 8);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(surface + ((DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction) == AXIS_X) ? RTBO_X : RTBO_Y), PAL_NONE, *ti, {{0, 0, TILE_HEIGHT}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 0}, {}});
 					} else {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(surface + RTBO_SLOPE + tunnelbridge_direction, PAL_NONE, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 8, ti->z);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(surface + RTBO_SLOPE + tunnelbridge_direction, PAL_NONE, *ti, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}});
 					}
 				}
 				/* Don't fallback to non-overlay sprite -- the spec states that
@@ -1460,15 +1488,15 @@ static void DrawTile_TunnelBridge(TileInfo *ti)
 				if (rti->UsesOverlay()) {
 					SpriteID overlay = GetCustomRailSprite(rti, ti->tile, RTSG_OVERLAY);
 					if (HasBridgeFlatRamp(ti->tileh, DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction))) {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(overlay + RTO_X + DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction), PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 0, ti->z + 8);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(overlay + RTO_X + DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction), PALETTE_CRASH, *ti, {{0, 0, TILE_HEIGHT}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 0}, {}});
 					} else {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(overlay + RTO_SLOPE_NE + tunnelbridge_direction, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 8, ti->z);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(overlay + RTO_SLOPE_NE + tunnelbridge_direction, PALETTE_CRASH, *ti, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}});
 					}
 				} else {
 					if (HasBridgeFlatRamp(ti->tileh, DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction))) {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction) == AXIS_X ? rti->base_sprites.single_x : rti->base_sprites.single_y, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 0, ti->z + 8);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(DiagDirToAxis(tunnelbridge_direction) == AXIS_X ? rti->base_sprites.single_x : rti->base_sprites.single_y, PALETTE_CRASH, *ti, {{0, 0, TILE_HEIGHT}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 0}, {}});
 					} else {
-						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(rti->base_sprites.single_sloped + tunnelbridge_direction, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 8, ti->z);
+						AddSortableSpriteToDraw(rti->base_sprites.single_sloped + tunnelbridge_direction, PALETTE_CRASH, *ti, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, TILE_HEIGHT}, {}});
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -1578,7 +1606,7 @@ void DrawBridgeMiddle(const TileInfo *ti)
 	int z = bridge_z - BRIDGE_Z_START;
 
 	/* Add a bounding box that separates the bridge from things below it. */
-	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX, PAL_NONE, x, y, 16, 16, 1, bridge_z - TILE_HEIGHT + BB_Z_SEPARATOR);
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX, PAL_NONE, x, y, bridge_z - TILE_HEIGHT + BB_Z_SEPARATOR, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 1}, {}});
 
 	/* Draw Trambits as SpriteCombine */
 	if (transport_type == TRANSPORT_ROAD || transport_type == TRANSPORT_RAIL) StartSpriteCombine();
@@ -1586,9 +1614,9 @@ void DrawBridgeMiddle(const TileInfo *ti)
 	/* Draw floor and far part of bridge*/
 	if (!IsInvisibilitySet(TO_BRIDGES)) {
 		if (axis == AXIS_X) {
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, 16, 1, 0x28, z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES), 0, 0, BRIDGE_Z_START);
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, z, {{0, 0, BRIDGE_Z_START}, {TILE_SIZE, 1, 40}, {0, 0, -BRIDGE_Z_START}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 		} else {
-			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, 1, 16, 0x28, z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES), 0, 0, BRIDGE_Z_START);
+			AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, z, {{0, 0, BRIDGE_Z_START}, {1, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {0, 0, -BRIDGE_Z_START}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1602,16 +1630,16 @@ void DrawBridgeMiddle(const TileInfo *ti)
 		if (rti->UsesOverlay() && !IsInvisibilitySet(TO_BRIDGES)) {
 			SpriteID surface = GetCustomRailSprite(rti, rampsouth, RTSG_BRIDGE, TCX_ON_BRIDGE);
 			if (surface != 0) {
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(surface + axis, PAL_NONE, x, y, 16, 16, 0, bridge_z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(surface + axis, PAL_NONE, x, y, bridge_z, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 0}, {}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (_game_mode != GM_MENU && _settings_client.gui.show_track_reservation && !IsInvisibilitySet(TO_BRIDGES) && HasTunnelBridgeReservation(rampnorth)) {
 			if (rti->UsesOverlay()) {
 				SpriteID overlay = GetCustomRailSprite(rti, ti->tile, RTSG_OVERLAY);
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(overlay + RTO_X + axis, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 0, bridge_z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(overlay + RTO_X + axis, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, bridge_z, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 0}, {}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 			} else {
-				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(axis == AXIS_X ? rti->base_sprites.single_x : rti->base_sprites.single_y, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, 16, 16, 0, bridge_z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
+				AddSortableSpriteToDraw(axis == AXIS_X ? rti->base_sprites.single_x : rti->base_sprites.single_y, PALETTE_CRASH, ti->x, ti->y, bridge_z, {{}, {TILE_SIZE, TILE_SIZE, 0}, {}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -1626,10 +1654,10 @@ void DrawBridgeMiddle(const TileInfo *ti)
 	if (!IsInvisibilitySet(TO_BRIDGES)) {
 		if (axis == AXIS_X) {
 			y += 12;
-			if (psid->sprite & SPRITE_MASK) AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, 16, 4, 0x28, z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES), 0, 3, BRIDGE_Z_START);
+			if (psid->sprite & SPRITE_MASK) AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, z, {{0, 3, BRIDGE_Z_START}, {TILE_SIZE, 1, 40}, {0, -3, -BRIDGE_Z_START}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 		} else {
 			x += 12;
-			if (psid->sprite & SPRITE_MASK) AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, 4, 16, 0x28, z, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES), 3, 0, BRIDGE_Z_START);
+			if (psid->sprite & SPRITE_MASK) AddSortableSpriteToDraw(psid->sprite, psid->pal, x, y, z, {{3, 0, BRIDGE_Z_START}, {1, TILE_SIZE, 40}, {-3, 0, -BRIDGE_Z_START}}, IsTransparencySet(TO_BRIDGES));
 		}
 	}
 

src/vehicle.cpp

@@ -1109,8 +1109,7 @@ static void DoDrawVehicle(const Vehicle *v)
 	for (uint i = 0; i < v->sprite_cache.sprite_seq.count; ++i) {
 		PaletteID pal2 = v->sprite_cache.sprite_seq.seq[i].pal;
 		if (!pal2 || v->vehstatus.Test(VehState::Crashed)) pal2 = pal;
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(v->sprite_cache.sprite_seq.seq[i].sprite, pal2, v->x_pos + v->x_offs, v->y_pos + v->y_offs,
-			v->x_extent, v->y_extent, v->z_extent, v->z_pos, shadowed, v->x_bb_offs, v->y_bb_offs);
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(v->sprite_cache.sprite_seq.seq[i].sprite, pal2, v->x_pos, v->y_pos, v->z_pos, v->bounds, shadowed);
 	}
 	EndSpriteCombine();
 }
@@ -1674,12 +1673,24 @@ void Vehicle::UpdateBoundingBoxCoordinates(bool update_cache) const
 	Rect new_coord;
 	this->sprite_cache.sprite_seq.GetBounds(&new_coord);
 
-	Point pt = RemapCoords(this->x_pos + this->x_offs, this->y_pos + this->y_offs, this->z_pos);
+	/* z-bounds are not used. */
+	Point pt = RemapCoords(this->x_pos + this->bounds.origin.x + this->bounds.offset.x, this->y_pos + this->bounds.origin.y + this->bounds.offset.y, this->z_pos);
 	new_coord.left   += pt.x;
 	new_coord.top    += pt.y;
 	new_coord.right  += pt.x + 2 * ZOOM_BASE;
 	new_coord.bottom += pt.y + 2 * ZOOM_BASE;
 
+	extern bool _draw_bounding_boxes;
+	if (_draw_bounding_boxes) {
+		int x = this->x_pos + this->bounds.origin.x;
+		int y = this->y_pos + this->bounds.origin.y;
+		int z = this->z_pos + this->bounds.origin.z;
+		new_coord.left   = std::min(new_coord.left, RemapCoords(x + bounds.extent.x, y, z).x);
+		new_coord.right  = std::max(new_coord.right, RemapCoords(x, y + bounds.extent.y, z).x + 1);
+		new_coord.top    = std::min(new_coord.top, RemapCoords(x, y, z + bounds.extent.z).y);
+		new_coord.bottom = std::max(new_coord.bottom, RemapCoords(x + bounds.extent.x, y + bounds.extent.y, z).y + 1);
+	}
+
 	if (update_cache) {
 		/*
 		 * If the old coordinates are invalid, set the cache to the new coordinates for correct

src/vehicle_base.h

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #ifndef VEHICLE_BASE_H
 #define VEHICLE_BASE_H
 
+#include "sprite.h"
 #include "track_type.h"
 #include "command_type.h"
 #include "order_base.h"
@@ -293,13 +294,7 @@ public:
 	 * 0xff == reserved for another custom sprite
 	 */
 	uint8_t spritenum = 0;
-	uint8_t x_extent = 0; ///< x-extent of vehicle bounding box
-	uint8_t y_extent = 0; ///< y-extent of vehicle bounding box
-	uint8_t z_extent = 0; ///< z-extent of vehicle bounding box
-	int8_t x_bb_offs = 0; ///< x offset of vehicle bounding box
-	int8_t y_bb_offs = 0; ///< y offset of vehicle bounding box
-	int8_t x_offs = 0; ///< x offset for vehicle sprite
-	int8_t y_offs = 0; ///< y offset for vehicle sprite
+	SpriteBounds bounds{}; ///< Bounding box of vehicle.
 	EngineID engine_type = EngineID::Invalid(); ///< The type of engine used for this vehicle.
 
 	TextEffectID fill_percent_te_id = INVALID_TE_ID; ///< a text-effect id to a loading indicator object

src/viewport.cpp

@@ -660,12 +660,17 @@ static void AddCombinedSprite(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int z
  * @param bb_offset_z bounding box extent towards negative Z (world)
  * @param sub Only draw a part of the sprite.
  */
-void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int w, int h, int dz, int z, bool transparent, int bb_offset_x, int bb_offset_y, int bb_offset_z, const SubSprite *sub)
+void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int z, const SpriteBounds &bounds, bool transparent, const SubSprite *sub)
 {
 	int32_t left, right, top, bottom;
 
 	assert((image & SPRITE_MASK) < MAX_SPRITES);
 
+	/* Move to bounding box. */
+	x += bounds.origin.x;
+	y += bounds.origin.y;
+	z += bounds.origin.z;
+
 	/* make the sprites transparent with the right palette */
 	if (transparent) {
 		SetBit(image, PALETTE_MODIFIER_TRANSPARENT);
@@ -673,21 +678,21 @@ void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int w,
 	}
 
 	if (_vd.combine_sprites == SPRITE_COMBINE_ACTIVE) {
-		AddCombinedSprite(image, pal, x, y, z, sub);
+		AddCombinedSprite(image, pal, x + bounds.offset.x, y + bounds.offset.y, z + bounds.offset.z, sub);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	_vd.last_child = LAST_CHILD_NONE;
 
-	Point pt = RemapCoords(x, y, z);
+	Point pt = RemapCoords(x + bounds.offset.x, y + bounds.offset.y, z + bounds.offset.z);
 	int tmp_left, tmp_top, tmp_x = pt.x, tmp_y = pt.y;
 
 	/* Compute screen extents of sprite */
 	if (image == SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX) {
-		left = tmp_left = RemapCoords(x + w          , y + bb_offset_y, z + bb_offset_z).x;
-		right           = RemapCoords(x + bb_offset_x, y + h          , z + bb_offset_z).x + 1;
-		top  = tmp_top  = RemapCoords(x + bb_offset_x, y + bb_offset_y, z + dz         ).y;
-		bottom          = RemapCoords(x + w          , y + h          , z + bb_offset_z).y + 1;
+		left = tmp_left = RemapCoords(x + bounds.extent.x, y, z).x;
+		right           = RemapCoords(x, y + bounds.extent.y, z).x + 1;
+		top  = tmp_top  = RemapCoords(x, y, z + bounds.extent.z).y;
+		bottom          = RemapCoords(x + bounds.extent.x, y + bounds.extent.y, z).y + 1;
 	} else {
 		const Sprite *spr = GetSprite(image & SPRITE_MASK, SpriteType::Normal);
 		left = tmp_left = (pt.x += spr->x_offs);
@@ -698,10 +703,10 @@ void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int w,
 
 	if (_draw_bounding_boxes && (image != SPR_EMPTY_BOUNDING_BOX)) {
 		/* Compute maximal extents of sprite and its bounding box */
-		left   = std::min(left  , RemapCoords(x + w          , y + bb_offset_y, z + bb_offset_z).x);
-		right  = std::max(right , RemapCoords(x + bb_offset_x, y + h          , z + bb_offset_z).x + 1);
-		top    = std::min(top   , RemapCoords(x + bb_offset_x, y + bb_offset_y, z + dz         ).y);
-		bottom = std::max(bottom, RemapCoords(x + w          , y + h          , z + bb_offset_z).y + 1);
+		left   = std::min(left  , RemapCoords(x + bounds.extent.x, y, z).x);
+		right  = std::max(right , RemapCoords(x, y + bounds.extent.y, z).x + 1);
+		top    = std::min(top   , RemapCoords(x, y, z + bounds.extent.z).y);
+		bottom = std::max(bottom, RemapCoords(x + bounds.extent.x, y + bounds.extent.y, z).y + 1);
 	}
 
 	/* Do not add the sprite to the viewport, if it is outside */
@@ -722,14 +727,14 @@ void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int w,
 	ps.image = image;
 	ps.pal = pal;
 	ps.sub = sub;
-	ps.xmin = x + bb_offset_x;
-	ps.xmax = x + std::max(bb_offset_x, w) - 1;
+	ps.xmin = x;
+	ps.xmax = x + bounds.extent.x - 1;
 
-	ps.ymin = y + bb_offset_y;
-	ps.ymax = y + std::max(bb_offset_y, h) - 1;
+	ps.ymin = y;
+	ps.ymax = y + bounds.extent.y - 1;
 
-	ps.zmin = z + bb_offset_z;
-	ps.zmax = z + std::max(bb_offset_z, dz) - 1;
+	ps.zmin = z;
+	ps.zmax = z + bounds.extent.z - 1;
 
 	ps.first_child = LAST_CHILD_NONE;
 

src/viewport_func.h

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #define VIEWPORT_FUNC_H
 
 #include "gfx_type.h"
+#include "sprite.h"
 #include "viewport_type.h"
 #include "window_type.h"
 #include "tile_map.h"
@@ -51,10 +52,14 @@ void OffsetGroundSprite(int x, int y);
 
 void DrawGroundSprite(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, const SubSprite *sub = nullptr, int extra_offs_x = 0, int extra_offs_y = 0);
 void DrawGroundSpriteAt(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int32_t x, int32_t y, int z, const SubSprite *sub = nullptr, int extra_offs_x = 0, int extra_offs_y = 0);
-void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int w, int h, int dz, int z, bool transparent = false, int bb_offset_x = 0, int bb_offset_y = 0, int bb_offset_z = 0, const SubSprite *sub = nullptr);
+void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, int z, const SpriteBounds &bounds, bool transparent = false, const SubSprite *sub = nullptr);
 void AddChildSpriteScreen(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, int x, int y, bool transparent = false, const SubSprite *sub = nullptr, bool scale = true, bool relative = true);
 std::string *ViewportAddString(const DrawPixelInfo *dpi, const ViewportSign *sign, ViewportStringFlags flags, Colours colour);
 
+inline void AddSortableSpriteToDraw(SpriteID image, PaletteID pal, const Coord3D<int32_t> &world, const SpriteBounds &bounds, bool transparent = false, const SubSprite *sub = nullptr)
+{
+	AddSortableSpriteToDraw(image, pal, world.x, world.y, world.z, bounds, transparent, sub);
+}
 
 void StartSpriteCombine();
 void EndSpriteCombine();

src/viewport_type.h

@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ enum ZoomStateChange : uint8_t {
  * z=6     reserved, currently unused.
  * z=7     Z separator between bridge/tunnel and the things under/above it.
  */
-static const uint BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE = 6; ///< Everything that can be built under low bridges, must not exceed this Z height.
-static const uint BB_Z_SEPARATOR         = 7; ///< Separates the bridge/tunnel from the things under/above it.
+static constexpr int BB_HEIGHT_UNDER_BRIDGE = 6; ///< Everything that can be built under low bridges, must not exceed this Z height.
+static constexpr int BB_Z_SEPARATOR         = 7; ///< Separates the bridge/tunnel from the things under/above it.
 
 /** Viewport place method (type of highlighted area and placed objects) */
 enum ViewportPlaceMethod : uint8_t {

src/water_cmd.cpp

@@ -806,11 +806,7 @@ static void DrawWaterTileStruct(const TileInfo *ti, std::span<const DrawTileSeqS
 	for (const DrawTileSeqStruct &dtss : seq) {
 		uint tile_offs = offset + dtss.image.sprite;
 		if (feature < CF_END) tile_offs = GetCanalSpriteOffset(feature, ti->tile, tile_offs);
-		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(base + tile_offs, palette,
-			ti->x + dtss.delta_x, ti->y + dtss.delta_y,
-			dtss.size_x, dtss.size_y,
-			dtss.size_z, ti->z + dtss.delta_z,
-			IsTransparencySet(TO_BUILDINGS));
+		AddSortableSpriteToDraw(base + tile_offs, palette, *ti, dtss, IsTransparencySet(TO_BUILDINGS));
 	}
 }